Arefe Fattah1 
, Masoome Ghotbi2 , Eman Al-Awabdeh3 , Richard Mottershead4 , Hamid Reza Khosravizade Tabasi5 , Alaa Jawad Kadhim6 , Erfan Rajabi7 , Hadi Ahmadi Chenari8
, Masoome Ghotbi2 , Eman Al-Awabdeh3 , Richard Mottershead4 , Hamid Reza Khosravizade Tabasi5 , Alaa Jawad Kadhim6 , Erfan Rajabi7 , Hadi Ahmadi Chenari8
1- Department of Physical Therapy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
2- Department of Emergency, Hazrat Rasul Hospital of Ferdows, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
3- Department of Nursing, Fatima College of Health Sciences. Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
4- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirate
5- Department of Nursing, Tabas School of Nursing, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
6- Department of Adult Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
7- Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,erfan.rjbi@gmail.com
8- Department of Nursing, Ferdows Faculty of Medical Sciences, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand
2- Department of Emergency, Hazrat Rasul Hospital of Ferdows, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
3- Department of Nursing, Fatima College of Health Sciences. Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
4- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirate
5- Department of Nursing, Tabas School of Nursing, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
6- Department of Adult Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
7- Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,
8- Department of Nursing, Ferdows Faculty of Medical Sciences, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand
Abstract: (18 Views)
Background: Postoperative orthopedic pain is challenging; inadequate control prolongs hospitalization and increases costs. The present study examined the relationship between spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence and pain tolerance.
Methods: This cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted on 170 orthopedic surgery patients at Baghdad Teaching Hospital in 2023. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the King’s Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire, the Bar-On Emotional Quotient (EQ), and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Patients completed instruments two days post-surgery. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23, employing Pearson correlation coefficients, independent-samples t-test, and one-way ANOVA.
Results: Among 170 participants, the mean spiritual intelligence score was moderate (71.23±8.54), while emotional intelligence was low (184.25±17.3). Pain severity was high, with a mean score of 6.22 ± 0.73. Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed a strong negative association between spiritual intelligence (r = -0.62, p = 0.012) and emotional intelligence (r = -0.86, p = 0.01) and pain, with the relationship being stronger for emotional intelligence. Additionally, there was a positive relationship between the demographic variables of age (r = 0.84, p = 0.02) and the presence of comorbidity (t = 0.45, p = 0.03) with higher pain scores. Variables identified as determinants by the linear regression model included emotional intelligence (b=0.61, P<0.001), spiritual intelligence (b=0.98, P<0.001), age (b=0.17, P=0.02), and comorbidity (b=0.28, P=0.004).
Conclusion: Spiritual and emotional intelligence reduce pain and improve tolerance, with stronger effects observed for emotional intelligence. Strengthening emotional intelligence among patients is essential. Nursing strategies should include training programs to enhance emotional intelligence skills, such as stress management and effective communication, to better equip patients in coping with pain.
Methods: This cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted on 170 orthopedic surgery patients at Baghdad Teaching Hospital in 2023. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the King’s Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire, the Bar-On Emotional Quotient (EQ), and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Patients completed instruments two days post-surgery. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23, employing Pearson correlation coefficients, independent-samples t-test, and one-way ANOVA.
Results: Among 170 participants, the mean spiritual intelligence score was moderate (71.23±8.54), while emotional intelligence was low (184.25±17.3). Pain severity was high, with a mean score of 6.22 ± 0.73. Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed a strong negative association between spiritual intelligence (r = -0.62, p = 0.012) and emotional intelligence (r = -0.86, p = 0.01) and pain, with the relationship being stronger for emotional intelligence. Additionally, there was a positive relationship between the demographic variables of age (r = 0.84, p = 0.02) and the presence of comorbidity (t = 0.45, p = 0.03) with higher pain scores. Variables identified as determinants by the linear regression model included emotional intelligence (b=0.61, P<0.001), spiritual intelligence (b=0.98, P<0.001), age (b=0.17, P=0.02), and comorbidity (b=0.28, P=0.004).
Conclusion: Spiritual and emotional intelligence reduce pain and improve tolerance, with stronger effects observed for emotional intelligence. Strengthening emotional intelligence among patients is essential. Nursing strategies should include training programs to enhance emotional intelligence skills, such as stress management and effective communication, to better equip patients in coping with pain.
Keywords: Spiritual intelligence, Emotional intelligence, Pain tolerance, Orthopedic surgery (Orthopedic Procedures)
Type of study: Original Article |
Subject:
Psychology and Psychiatry
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