Showing 10 results for Aged
Behnaz Enjezab, Behnaz Rahbarnia, Mahshid Bookaie, Ali Dehghani,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background: Lifestyle modification is an important factor in promoting the health of middle-aged women. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of telephone counseling on the nutritional status and physical activity of middle-aged women in Yazd, Iran.
Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was done on 50 middle-aged women during September to February 2017. Eligible women was recruited from religious places and then were randomly assigned into two intervention and control groups. The participants in the intervention group received the counseling program in 8 calls for 20-30 minutes twice per week. The control group received no intervention. Data were gathered using a health promoting life-style questionnaire for middle-aged women in three time points; before intervention, immediately, and one month after the intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS 16 software using Chi-square, repeated measures ANOVA and independent t-test. A significance level was considered P<0.05.
Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of nutritional status and physical activity (PA) before the intervention, but there was significant difference between them immediately and one month after the intervention. Also adjusting the baseline values, repeated measures ANOVA test showed a significantly premiere mean of nutritional status in telephone counseling compared to the control group (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that telephone counseling significantly improved the lifestyle of the middle-aged women. Also, recommended that health care providers use of telephone counseling that effective and efficient tool for promoting women's health.
Saeed Ghorbani, Sajedeh Farhangnia, Farnaz Zanganeh, Saharnaz Noohpisheh, Masoud Shakki,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (7-2021)
Abstract
Background: Due to advances in medicine and technology in recent years, the number of elderly has increased substantially in most countries. As a result, addressing factors influencing the elderly population to improve their physical, psychological, and cognitive status is of great importance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between perceived social support and physical activity with the mood, physical fitness, and cognitive status of elderly people.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April to September 2019 in Golestan province, Northeast of Iran. The sample consisted of 142 people over 60 years old (including 131 women and 11 men) who were selected using a random sampling method from Gorgan, Gonbad Kavous, Aliabad Katoul, and Azadshahr cities of Golestan province in 2019. Data was gathered using Perceived Social Support Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale, Wechsler Memory Scale, Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity Questionnaire, and Rikli and Jones’ physical fitness test for the elderly. Data were analyzed in SPSS-22 and Spearman correlation coefficient used to study the cooperation between variables.
Results: The finding showed that the mean age of participants was 66.56 years old and perceived social support had significant correlation with depression (r=-0.48, P<0.001) and memory (r=0.24, P=0.003). There was a significant correlation between physical activity and physical fitness (r=0.18, P=0.049), but no significant correlation were observed between physical activity with depression and memory. In addition, physical fitness had significant correlation with depression (r=0.27, P=0.001) and memory (r=0.27, P=0.001).
Conclusion: Perceived social support and physical activity can be considered important factors for improving the mood-cognitive-physical status of the elderly. Therefore, gerontologists, physiotherapists, and occupational therapists can improve the mood-cognitive-physical status of the elderly by improving social relationships and physical activity.
Parand Pourghane, Bahare Abdi, Yasaman Yaghobi, Zahra Atrkar Roushan,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background: Having self-care abilities based on the needs of the elderly promotes health in these individuals and minimizes the complications associated with aging. This study aimed to determine relationship between self-care needs and self-care ability in retired elderly based on Orem’s model.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 120 older people who had been referred to the Civil Servants Pension Organizations in east of the Guilan Province (north of Iran) in 2017. Subjects were selected through simple random sampling method. Data were gathered using a questionnaire of elderly’s self-care needs and self-care abilities based on the Orem's model. Data were analyzed in SPSS (version 16) using the t-test, analysis of variance, Tukey's test, and Pearson correlation coefficient.
Results: The participants obtained an average self-care score of 19.80±6.44 and an average self-care ability score of 132.41±15.92. Most subjects were semi-dependent (73.33%) and had high self-care abilities (81.66%). Self-care needs and self-care abilities were significantly associated with variables of age, marital status, education level, occupation status, and monthly income. In addition, there was a significant relationship between self-care needs and self-care abilities of the elderly (P=0.0001).
Conclusion: Our results indicated a significant inverse relationship between self-care needs and self-care abilities of the elderly. It is recommended to design self-care program based on the needs of the elderly while considering their individual-social conditions to improve self-care abilities and minimize injuries.
Shaghayegh Daie , Gholam Reza Mahmoodi-Shan , Zahra Mehrbakhsh,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background: Loneliness is a serious issue among the elderly that considerably affects their health. Spiritual health might affect the level of loneliness in these individuals. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the relationship between spiritual health and loneliness.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 330 older adults who live in the western areas of the Golestan Province, Iran in 2019. The subjects were selected using stratified random sampling method with proportional to size. Data were collected by the short form of the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA-S) and the Spiritual Health Questionnaire (SHQ). Data analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 18) using Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Statistical significance level was set to 0.05.
Results: The mean of spiritual health and loneliness were 96.57±4.10 and 21.25±9.05, respectively. There was no significant correlation between spiritual health and loneliness (P=0.72), but there was a significant difference between urban and rural residents in this regard (P=0.037 and P=0.003). In addition, there was a significant relationship between spiritual health and loneliness in general (r=-0.139 and P=0.02). There was an inverse correlation between spiritual health and loneliness among urban residents (r=-0.27 and P=0.001) but not among rural residents (r=-0.06 and P=0.41).
Conclusion: Based on the findings, there is an inverse correlation between spiritual health and loneliness among the elderly. This could be a useful finding for planners and activists in the field of geriatric mental health in development of educational counseling and support programs.
Maliheh Makhtum , Naser Behnampour , Akram Sanagoo , Hossein Nasiri , Leila Jouybari ,
Volume 20, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Background: It is believed that COVID-19 has caused significant fear among older adults. The province of Golestan has a unique ethnic diversity, which requires examining the beliefs and concerns of older adults about health and disease. The aim of this study was to compare the fear of COVID-19 among Persian and Turkmen older adults.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 500 older adults of Persian and Turkmen ethnicities covered by health centers in Bandar Turkmen (Golestan-Iran) from 2021 to 2022. Sampling was done by availability, and the samples were extracted from the list of older adults in the NAB system. Demographic data and the COVID-19 fear questionnaire were used to collect information. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18 and Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, and ANOVA tests at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The mean and standard deviation age of the participants in the Persian and Turkmen ethnicities were 70.99±6.91 and 73.66±7.66, respectively. The mean score of fear of COVID-19 in Persian older adults was 20.59±2.24, and in Turkmen older adults was 22.02±1.34, which showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Fear of COVID-19 had a significant statistical relationship with occupation, education level, history of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization history, and having a COVID-19 patient in the family (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that fear of COVID-19 was higher among Persian older adults. Ethnic and clinical differences in COVID-19 can have an impact on preventive care in the healthcare system.
Reza Ghaderi, Gholam Reza Mahmoodi-Shan, Mohammad Hosein Taziki, Naser Behnampour,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (10-2023)
Abstract
Background: Hearing loss is a common condition during the aging process. Improving hearing loss through hearing aids may impact satisfaction and the quality of life of elderly individuals. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the association between Hearing Aid Use Satisfaction (HAUS) and the quality of life among the elderly with hearing loss in Gorgan, Iran.
Methods: This study is a cross-sectional investigation conducted in 2019 at the health insurance office in Gorgan, Iran. The study included elderly individuals aged over 60 who were fitted with hearing aids. Sixty subjects meeting the inclusion criteria were conveniently selected. The assessment tools included a demographics checklist, the Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life (SADL) scale, and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-18 and involved the Chi-squared test, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman correlation coefficient. A significance level of P < 0.05 was considered.
Results: The participants' mean age was 76.85±8.16, falling within the age range of 75-89. The average satisfaction score for the use of the HAUS was 63.90±11.07. A significant statistical association was observed between HAUS and economic status (P=0.03), the type of hearing aid used (P=0.024), and the level of daily hearing aid usage (P=0.0001). With an increase in the number of hours of hearing aid use, the mean satisfaction score also showed an increase. The mean score for the quality of life among the elderly individuals was 32.77±2.02, and no correlation was observed between satisfaction with HA use and quality of life (r=0.068, P=0.511).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that hearing aid devices can enhance the satisfaction and quality of life of elderly individuals, thereby increasing their engagement in daily activities.
Ahmad Delbari , Mariye Jenabi Ghods, Mohammad Saatchi, Mohammad Bidkhori, Fatemeh-Sadat Tabatabaei, Mahshid Foroughan, Elham Hooshmand,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background: Depression and anxiety are the most frequent and devastating mental diseases among older adults. Several variables are identified as contributing to the development of these illnesses. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and their related factors in older individuals residing in Ardakan.
Methods: The current cross-sectional study was based on the data obtained from the first phase of the Ardakan aging cohort of 5176 older adults. Depression and anxiety were evaluated using CESD-10 and HADS-A scales, respectively. Moreover, the relationships between these outcomes and the related factors were evaluated using the logistic and linear regression.
Results: The prevalence of depression and anxiety was estimated to be about 17% and12%, respectively. Poor perception of health) OR=2.29, CI95% 1.79 to 2.93), Low perceived economic status (OR=2.11, CI95% 1.71 to 2.60), Receiving care (OR=1.66, CI95% 1.39 to 1.97), affecting by neurological disease (OR=1.37, CI95% 1.11 to 1.69), Gastrointestinal diseases (OR=1.48, CI95% 1.23 to 1.77) were significantly associated with the presence of depression. Female gender, Poor perception of health and economic status, receiving, and providing care, and suffering from neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory diseases were related to higher anxiety scores.
Conclusion: The prevalence of depression and anxiety among the participants was relatively significant, and these variables were significantly correlated with several factors, including health and economic status and receiving/providing care. These findings highlight the significance of taking into account several socio-economic, health-related, and gender-specific aspects when dealing with mental health disorders including depression and anxiety in this particular age demographic. By identifying the risk factors, healthcare professionals can better target interventions and support systems to manage and mitigate the effect of these mental health disorders.
Zeinab Rostami, Mahmoud Rahmati, Leili Rostamnia, Nader Salari,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a transitional stage between normal cognitive aging and dementia, often marked by noticeable cognitive decline without significant interference in daily activities. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and determinants of MCI among older adults in urban and rural areas of Kermanshah City.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 506 older adults recruited from urban and rural areas using a cluster random sampling method. The participants completed assessments of cognitive function, social relationships, stress management, and socio-demographic factors. Logistic regression analyses and the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to examine the associations between these factors and MCI using SPSS version 25.
Results: The prevalence of MCI was 21.9% overall, with a higher prevalence in rural areas. In both areas, social relationships (urban: p = 0.001; rural: p = 0.04) and age (urban: p = 0.001; rural: p = 0.013) were significantly associated with MCI. In the rural elderly, education (p = 0.02) and economic situation (p = 0.012) were significant predictors, while in urban areas, gender (p = 0.002) and stress management (p = 0.001) were key determinants.
Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of considering psychosocial factors, such as social relationships and stress management, in understanding cognitive health among older adults. Targeted interventions are needed to address the higher prevalence of MCI in rural areas. Further research should explore strategies to improve cognitive health in aging rural and urban populations.
Isaí Arturo Medina-Fernández , Sandra Cecilia Esparza-González , Nissa Yaing Torres Soto, Ana Laura Carrillo-Cervantes , Pedro Enrique Trujillo-Hernández, Josué Arturo Medina-Fernández,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia, characterized by the progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, significantly impacts functional capacity and quality of life (QoL) in older adults. Among Mexican seniors, this condition exacerbates physical limitations, compromising daily activities and independence. The objective was to model the effect of sarcopenia on functional capacity and physical components of health-related QoL in older adults.
Methods: The study has a predictive correlational design with a sample population of 144 older adults from Coahuila, Mexico in 2024. A demographic and clinical form was applied, containing measurements of calf circumference, body mass index (BMI), grip strength with a dynamometer, gait speed and appendicular skeletal muscle mass, simple questionnaire to rapidly diagnose sarcopenia, a subscale of physical components of the SF-36, Barthel Index for Activities of Daily Living (BADL), and Lawton-Brody scale. The data were analyzed with SPSS software version 20 using central tendency and dispersion, Kolmogorov Smirnov test, Mann Whitney U test, Spearman test, and simple linear regressions. Moreover, structural equation was assessed using EQS software version 6.1.
Results: The results showed that the prevalence of sarcopenia was 44.8%, and sarcopenia significantly and negatively affected the basic activities of daily living (r=-0.46, p=0.001). In the same way, it negatively and significantly affected the instrumental activities of daily living (r=-0.41, p=0.001), meanwhile, it positively and significantly affected the physical components of quality of life (r=0.43, p=0.001).
Conclusion: Therefore, it is concluded that sarcopenia negatively influences the physical components of QoL and functional capacity.
Zahra Sheibani , Akram Sanagoo, Fatemeh Mehravar , Leila Jouybari,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (6-2025)
Abstract
Background: Participatory actions and voluntary behaviors play a significant role in the health of elderly individuals. Evidence suggests that engagement in voluntary work positively impacts health, psychological well-being, and even longevity, with these benefits being particularly pronounced among older adults. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between motivation for volunteer activities and psychological well-being in elderly individuals.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted involving 496 elderly individuals, selected through a multi-stage non-random sampling method, at comprehensive health service centers in Golestan Province, Northern Iran, in 2023. Data were collected through Clary's Voluntary Activities Questionnaire and Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation tests, independent t-tests, chi-square tests, and ANOVA by SPSS v.26, all at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The mean scores of voluntary motivation and psychological well-being among the elderly were 180.01±11.79 and 64.72±5.30, respectively. The results of the Pearson correlation test indicated a positive and significant relationship between the total score of voluntary functions and the total score of psychological well-being (r=0.1, p = 0.03).
Conclusion: Motivation for volunteer activities may be a significant factor in enhancing the psychological well-being of elderly individuals. Therefore, it is essential for policymakers in elderly health to create conditions that encourage participation in voluntary activities to promote psychological well-being.
