Background and Objective: One of the problems that the women are faced with is prolonged labor, leading to high possibility of infection, hypoxia, physical, neural damage and death of fetus and neonate, newborn death, postpartum hemorrhage, increased maternal insomnia and fatigue. This research aimed at determining the effects of acupressure on Sanyinjiao - Hegu points in nulliparous women.

  Material and Methods: This double blinded-randomized clinical trial was conducted on 84 nulliparous referring to the hospitals in Ardabil, 2012. The subjects were randomly allocated to intervention and control group. The intervention was the pressure applying on Sanyinjiao - Hegu points in different dilatations. The Length of the first and second stage was recorded by vaginal exam and the data was analyzed by f SPSS- 16, using Chi-Square and independent t- test.

  Results: the mean of active phase in intervention group (2:15±1:19 hour) compared to control group (4:10±1:59 hour) was decreased (p=0.001). The length of second stage in intervention group (00:45 ± oo: 25 minute) in comparison with control group (1:04 ± 00:39 hour) was reduced (p=0.008).

  Conclusion: Acupressure on sanyinjiao-hegu points resulted in shortening the length of active phase and second stage of delivery. Because of being simple, inexpensive, safe and acceptable for clients, it can be used in training and clinical practice of midwifery students.

Background: Labor pain and perineal trauma are the most common complications during childbirth and negatively impact a woman’s physical and emotional well-being. The World Health Organization recommends using warm compresses during the second stage of labor to mitigate perineal injuries. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of this intervention to guide informed clinical decisions.
Methods: Searches were conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect from inception up to the present day (as of July 2023) for randomized and quasi-experimental trials in English, focusing on vaginal births using warm compresses and measuring outcomes related to pain and perineal trauma. The review followed PRISMA guidelines, and biases were assessed with the Cochrane risk-of-bias tools.
Results: The search strategy identified a total of 75 articles, of which 13 were included in the review. In most studies, pain scores in the warm group were significantly lower than in the control group. Warm compress intervention was also associated with lower rates of perineal laceration and a higher rate of intact perineum. Results in suturing-required perineal injuries, severity of perineal trauma, or episiotomy were mixed.
Conclusion: It is suggested that the application of warm compresses during the second stage of labor has been shown to be an effective method for reducing labor pain and perineal trauma that does not require suturing. Due to the mixed results found, considerations should be made before applying this intervention for the purpose of reducing perineal tears or episiotomies during labor.