fa Nursing Original Article <strong>Background:</strong>&nbsp;Sexual self-concept is a cognitive evaluation which refers to a person&#39;s perception of tendencies and self-sexuality and may be affected by factors such as chronic illnesses. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare sexual self-concept in married diabetic women with married non-diabetic women.<br> <strong>Methods</strong>:&nbsp;This Analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 200 married diabetic women and 200 non-diabetic women referred to healthcare centers of Gorgan. Inclusion criteria were: high school education or more, Iranian nationality, living with their spouses for the past 4 weeks, and getting married once. Exclusion criteria were: history of adverse events in the past three months, identified physical, psychological and sexual problems, having psychiatric disorders diagnosis by a psychiatrist, current couple&#39;s drug and alcohol addiction, pregnancy, menopause, infertility, and lactation. Samples were selected by systematic random sampling. Data were collected using Farsi Multidimensional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire and were analyzed by SPSS16 software using Mann-Whitney nonparametric test.<br> <strong>Results:&nbsp;</strong>The results showed that the mean of positive sexual self-concept (103/2 &plusmn; 25/59) and the mean score of situational sexual self-concept (33/6&plusmn; 11/3) in diabetic women were significantly lower than the mean scores of similar areas in non-diabetic women who showed positive sexual self-concept as 111.41 &plusmn;24/59 and situational sexual self-concept as 38/2 &plusmn; 11/04. Furthermore, the mean score of negative sexual self-concept (27/9 &plusmn; 8/5) in diabetic women was significantly higher than the mean scores of similar areas in non-diabetic women (24/9 &plusmn; 7/09).<br> &nbsp;<strong>Conclusions:</strong> Diabetes is known as an effective factor on women&#39;s sexual issues such as sexual self-concept. According to the results of this study, it seems that some interventions must be designed to improve the positive and situational sexual self-concept and to reduce negative sexual self-concept. Sexual self-concept, Diabetic women 0 0 http://nmj.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1190-14&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Tayebe Ziaei 10031947532846006660 10031947532846006660 No Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Center,Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. Fatemeh Mansourian mansorian.f71@gmail.com 10031947532846006661 10031947532846006661 Yes . Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Center,Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Elham Khoori 10031947532846006662 10031947532846006662 No . Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Center,Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Mahin Tatari 10031947532846006663 10031947532846006663 No . Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Center,Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran